Aisea e fa'aogaina ai e masini feso'ota'iga le 25MHz ma ona tele e pei o alavai?

Aisea e fa'aogaina ai e masini feso'ota'iga le 25MHz ma ona tele e pei o alavai?

I masini fesoʻotaʻiga e pei o kata fesoʻotaʻiga, sui, routers, ma Ethernet meafaigaluega, o le filifiliga o le tioata oscillator frequency e fuafua i galuega autu a le masini, manaʻoga chip, ma tulaga faʻasalalauga fesoʻotaʻiga. O le faʻaogaina o oscillators tioata faʻatasi ma le tele o le 25MHz ma ona tele e mafua ona o le fesoʻotaʻiga vavalalata o lenei faiga faʻatasi ma tulaga faʻa-Ethernet, fesoʻotaʻiga fesoʻotaʻiga, ma fausaga vaʻa, e mafai ai ona faʻafaigofie le mamanu, faʻaitiitia tau, ma faʻaleleia le faʻatinoga. O loʻo tuʻuina atu se faʻamatalaga auiliili i lalo:

I. Aisea e Filifilia ai le 25MHz e fai ma Fa'avae Fa'avae?

25MHz e le o se tau filifilia fa'asalaina. E fa'aoga lautele ona o lo'o i ai se feso'ota'iga fa'atele fa'atasi ma le tele o alaleo autu i feso'ota'iga feso'ota'iga, fa'afaigofie le fa'atele o taimi po'o le vaevaega.

1.1 Faʻafeiloaʻi Ethernet Faʻatonu Faʻasologa Manaoga

Fast Ethernet (100BASE-TX): Fa'aaogā le uati 25MHz e fai ma fa'asologa o fa'amatalaga.

Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-T): Fa'aaogā le uati 125MHz, o le 25MHz × 5.

10GbE (10 Gigabit Ethernet) ma luga atu: E ui lava e maualuga atu le tele o le uati autu (faataitaiga, 156.25MHz), e masani lava ona maua mai i le faʻateleina o le 25MHz tioata oscillator e ala ile PLL.

O lo'o fa'ailoa mai ai o le 25MHz, e pei o le fa'avae o le uati, e mafai ona lagolagoina sa'o pe leai fo'i le fa'agaoioiga o alalaupapa a le PHY/MAC mo le televave o feso'ota'iga Ethernet.

II. Fa'atino Fa'atino Fa'atekinisi

2.1 Fa'atelega Faigofie e ala ile PLL

O meataalo feso'ota'iga (e pei o le PHY, MAC, ma sui tupe meataalo) e masani ona fa'aogaina ta'avale PLL (Phase Locked Loop) i totonu e fa'atupu ai le fa'agaoioi o alaleo o le uati. 25MHz ose alaleo fa'aoga talafeagai e mafai ona fa'atupuina lelei ala masani maualuga-saosaoa, pei o:

25MHz × 2=50MHz

25MHz × 4=100MHz

25MHz × 5=125MHz

25MHz × 6.25=156.25MHz (mo le 10GbE)

Talu ai o le 25MHz ose fa'alava fa'avae ma faigofie-e-fa'atatau le numera fa'ato'a maualalo, e fa'afaigofie ai le mamanu PLL, fa'agaoioi ai le lokaina vave, ma fa'amautinoa le mautu o le gaosiga.

2.2 Faʻatasi ma Manaoga Chip Mainstream

O le tele o kamupani gaosi masini komepiuta (e pei o Broadcom, Realtek, Marvell, Intel, ma isi) e lagolagoina manino le 25MHz oscillator tioata i totonu o le uati o loʻo manaʻomia o latou PHY poʻo MAC meataalo, poʻo le tuʻuina atu o auala faʻaogaina mo le 25MHz faʻaoga.

III. Fa'amanuiaga ile EMC, Circuit Design, ma le tau

3.1 Sili atu le Pulea EMI ma Fa'ailoga Maualuga Maualuga

Pe a faatusatusa i oscillators tioata e maualuga atu alalaupapa (faataitaiga, 50MHz, 100MHz, 125MHz, 150MHz, ma 200MHz), 25MHz ofoina atu tulaga lelei i tulaga o Electromagnetic Interference (EMI):

O le maualalo o alaleo faavae e maua ai le itiiti o faʻalavelave faʻafefe;

PCB routing e sili atu ona faigofie e usitaʻia faʻamatalaga mamanu EMI;

Manaoga maualalo mo pa puipui ma le faʻamaoni malosi, faʻafaigofieina le tuʻufaʻatasia o faiga.

3.2 Matutua, Mausali, ma Tau-Oscillators Matagofie Crystal

25MHz oscillators tioata o loʻo i ai i le tele o faʻaoga faʻaogaina i totonu o le eletise, faʻatasi ai ma tulaga lelei nei:

Tele -le-oloa ma le tele o ituaiga eseese;

Tau maualalo o gaosiga ma tau fa'atauga taugofie;

O se filifili sapalai matua ma taimi ta'ita'i pupuu ma mautu lelei.

E matua'i fa'afiafiaina lea i kamupani gaosi masini feso'ota'iga o lo'o fa'agaoioi i le gaosiga tele-.

IV. Fa'ata'ita'iga Fa'atatau ile Fa'ata'ita'iga Fa'atino

Avea le Gigabit Ethernet ki e fai ma faʻataʻitaʻiga:

Ole va'a pulea autu e mana'omia le fa'aogaina ole fa'aogaina ole 125MHz;

I le mamanu, e mafai ona fa'aogaina se oscillator tioata 25MHz, ma e mafai ona fa'atele le fa'avevesi i le 125MHz e ala i le va'a na fausia-i le PLL;

I le taimi nei, e mafai ona tufatufaina atu le uati 25MHz i isi modules (e pei o le PHY, MAC, poʻo le faʻaogaina o le uati) e ala i se laau uati;

Ole mea lea e maua ai se fa'apogai tu'ufa'atasi uati, fa'afaigofie le fausaga o le uati, ma fa'aitiitia ai le lavelave o faiga ma tau.

Aotelega

O mafuaʻaga e faʻaogaina ai e masini fesoʻotaʻiga le 25MHz ma ona tele e pei o laina oscillator tioata e mafai ona aoteleina e pei ona taua i lalo:

Hangjing Crystal Oscillators e faʻaaogaina lautele i masini fesoʻotaʻiga (kata fesoʻotaʻiga, sui, alalaupapa, Ethernet). E le gata i mea tau alamanuia-fa'atauga, matou te ofo atu fo'i lautele-vevela maualuga-oscillator tioata mautu (-55~+125 tikeri ) ma e mafai ona maua ai le fa'aogaina o le oscillator tioata ma fofo fa'afetaui. Afai ei ai ni ou manaʻoga talafeagai, faʻamolemole lagona le saoloto e faʻafesoʻotaʻi le au faʻatau a Hangjing poʻo tagata faʻapitoa.